Till 1826 A.D. Assam was Ruled mainly by Ahom and Koch dynasty. In 1826, Assam came under the rule of the British,  and in the process it had become a part of the political map of India. Of course Assam was always an integral part of the cultural map of India. 

• However , the history of modern Assam, modern Assamese language and literature and culture found their starting points in the early part of the 19th century. Since 1872 some efforts were made to build up some organisations to work for the development of Assamese language, literature and culture of the modern period.
• Asam Sahitya Sabha was the final results of all those efforts. In 1917 it came into being. The first conference was held in the month of December 1917 under the presidentship of Padmanath Gohain Baruah, a big name in the history of modern Assamese literature. Since then the annual conference, nowadays biennial, is being held with great pomp and grandeur, and a writer of high reputation is elected to the presidency of the Sabha.
• The conference of the Sabha become a big literary festival, unique in its character, which is attended by lakhs and lakhs of people. The writers of the state assemble, exchange their views, address the people.